Aziridinyl phosphonitriles



United States Patent .n'e' cs llt-rfin. G ard 111*;

Haven, and El Harnden, Conn, Nil". to @lin Mat son Chemical Cor ora- 9 1 U s n a a u tron, New Yorlr, NFL, a corp iron or Virginia I No Drawing. ll rletl May 13, 19b2, Ser. No. 190,012 7 C s. (Cl. Zed- 23 9} ch, Patchogue,

This invention relates to az idinyi phosphonitriles, also known as aziridinyl cyclotripnosphaza-1,3,5-trienes, and to a process for the synthesis of such compounds. More particularly, the invention relates to compounds represented by the formula (1) 1 K /F.g

P Rs N N R3 \1 11/ P I R5 l\ R4 wherein each of the symbols R represents either a men.

by replacing all of the chlorine atoms. The COmPUuudS of the invention may be produced by two alternate methods. According to one method, trirneric phosphonitrilic chloride, which is readily prepared by the reaction of phosphorus pentachloride and ammonium chloride, is reacted with rz moles of eth leneirnine in the presence of 12 moles of a hydrogen chloride acceptor. The reaction product is then converted to an aziridinyl-arninophosphonitrile by reacting it with 6rz moles of ammonia, lower alkylamine or (ii-lower allzylarnine in the presence of 6-n moles of a hydrogen chloride acceptor.

Alternatively, the procedure may be reversed and the trinreric phosphonitrilic chloride reacted with 611 moles of ammonia, lower alltylanu'ne or di-lower alkylarnine in the presence of 6n moles of hydrogen chloride acceptor. The product of this reaction is then reacted with n moles of ethyl neimine in the presence of n moles of hydrogen chloride acceptor to assure complete substitution of all chlorine atoms in the starting material.

The symbol it refers to any of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Both approaches lead to identical compounds where n represents 1 or 5, but to structural isomers when n represents 2, 3 or 4. All, however, are within the scope of this invention.

Alkylarnines which may be used to react with trinieric phosphonitrilic chloride include, for example, dirnethylamine, diethylarnine, dipropylarnine and the like. Hydrogen chloride acceptors include pyridine, tertiary bases such as tertiary allryiarnines, e.g. triethylarnine and the like.

The reactions are carried out in a solvent, e.g. aro- "ice rnatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, Xylene, chlorobenzene and the like, others such as diethylether, dioxane and the like, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethane and the like, acid amides, e.g. (ii-lower alkylacetarnides such as dirnethylacetamide, cliethylacetamide etc. Reaction temperatures within the range of about 30 C. to about +120 C. may be used, but a range between 0 and C. is preferred. Reaction time may vary in a range of about 2 to about 48 hours.

The compounds of this invention are useful as insect sterilizing agents. The compounds may be used to cornbat insects such as housefiies, screwworms, stable flies, chinch bugs, mosquitos and the like by means of conventional sprays, dusts and the like containing a minor amount, e.g. about 0.Ql% to about 10% by weight of the active ingredient together with an appropriate inert carrier as Well as other adjuvants. The composition may be applied in the environment of the insect or on surfaces on which it may light including plants attacked by the pest. The compound may also be made up in the form of baits, i.e. by adsorption on or mixture with an attractant for the insect, for example, sucrose, glucose or the like and, if desired, together with corn meal, powdered egg or powdered milk, etc.

The following examples are illustrative of the invention. All temperatures are expressed in degrees Centigrade.

EXAMZ LE l 2-(aziridiuyl)-2,4,4,6,6-peniakis{dimethylamino) phosphonizrile A flask equipped with stirrer, drying tube, and thermometer is charged with a solution of 34.8 grants of trinieric phosphonitrilic chloride in 1269 mill iters of ether. "5 he solution is cooled to 30 C. and 4.3 grants of ethyleneirnine and 10.1 grams of triethylarnine in 250 milliliters of ether are added dropwise over a period of 70 minutes. Stirring at -30" C. is continued for several hours. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm slowly to room temperature. After removal of 14 g. of triethylamine hydrochloride, the solution is concent ated to dryess in vacuo at 20 C. yielding 34.4 grams of crude product Wh h is purified by fractional recrystallization from 59 milliliters of hexane. 8.4 grams of pure rnono (aziridinly)pentachlorocyclotriphospliaza 1,3,5 triene, MP. '71-72 C., are obtained.

Analysis.-Calcd. for C 'H Cl N P C, 6.8%; H, 1.14%; N, 15.8%;(31, 59.0%. Found: C, 7.13%, 6.9G%; H, 1.3 3%, 1.28%; N, 15.68%, 15.83%;(31, 50.07%.

15.3 grarns of (aziridinyl)-pentachlorophosphonitrile are dissolved in 100 milliliters of benzene and a solution of 19.4 grams of dirnethylarnine m 50 milliliters of benzene is added over a period of 75 minutes at 2l25 C. After standing for three days at room temperature and for 15 hours at 5ll-55 .C., dimethylamine hydr ch oride (17.2 grams) is collected. 16 grams of reaction product remains after the removal of benzene in vacuo at room temperature. The Waxy residue is recrystallized from 12 milliliters of hexane and the precipitate is dried on a porous plate. Vacuum sublimation (-100 C. bath temperature) and one final recrystallization from dime-thylformamide gives the pure compound, MP. ll-80.5 C.; yield: 3.7 grams.

Annlysis.-Calcd. for C l l N P C, 36.3%; H,-3.6%; N, 31.8%. Found: C, 35.99%, 36.08%; H, 8.6%, 7.8%; N, 32.2%, 32.4%.

XAMPLE 2 2,2 -bis(azirz'llinyl -4,4,6,6-2erakis(dimethylam iizo) phosphonitrile 34.8 grams (0.1 mole) of (iNClQ are dissolved in Eatentecl July 2?, 1955 150 milliliters of dry toluene and a solution, consisting crystallizationfrom 60 milliliters of hexane raises the melting point to 105106 C.

Anal.Calcd. for C H Cl N P C, 13.29%; H, 2.21%; N, 19.39%. Found: C, 12.90%; H, 2.27%; N,

A solution of 28 grams of anhydrous dimethylamine in 300 milliliters of ether is added dropwise to a solution of 25 grams of 2,2-bis(aziridinyl)tetrachloro-phosphonitrile (M.P. 105106 C.) in 200 milliliters of ether over a period of 30 minutes at a temperature of 5 to C. After the addition is completed, the ice bath is removed and stirring continued for four more hours. Dirnethylamine hydrochloride (11.7 grams) is filtered off and the filtrate freed from ether. The residue is dissolved in 200 milliliters of benzene and 28 grams of dimethylamine are added. This mixture is heated in an autoclave for three hours at 80 C. An additional 10.2 grams of dimethylamine hydrochloride is separated and the solution is concentrated to dryness. The residue (26.6 grams of crude product) is recrystallized three times from 35 milliliters, 30 milliliters, and 25 milliliters, each of n-hexane, respectively. Yield: 9.2 grams of pure 2,2-bis(aziridinyl)-4,4,

-6,6-tetrakis(dimethylamino)phosphonitrile, M.P. 93 C.

AnaL-CEIICCl. for C12H32N9P3: C, H, N, 31.9%; C1, 0. Found: C, 36.31%; H, 8.52%; N, 31.89%; Cl, 0.09%.

EXAMPLE 3 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino -2,4,6-trichl0r0ph0sph onitrile A solution of 34.8 grams (0.1 mole) of trimeric phosphonitrilic chloride in 300 milliliters of ether and 155 grams (0.86 mole) of a 25% aqueous solution of dimethylamine are cooled and combined in an autoclave. After stirring for 30 to 40 minutes, the ether phase is separated, dried with CaCl and distilled. The remaining oil crystallizes in silky needles which eventually requires several days. The crystals are freed from oil by spreading on a porous plate and then recrystallized from nheptane. The pure material melts at 105106 C.

Anal.Calcd. for C H Cl N P C, 19.3%; H, 4.8%; N, 22.5%. Found: C, 19.05%; H, 5.3%; N, 22.54%.

EXAMPLE 4 2,4,6 -tris(aziridinyl -2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino phosphonitrile A solution of 18.7 grams of 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino) 2,4,6-trichlorophosphonitrile in 50 milliliters of toluene is added dropwise, with stirring, to a solution of 9.7 grams of ethyleneimine and 22.75 grams of triethylamine in 100 milliliters of toluene. The reaction is exothermic causing a temperature increase from 25 to 38 C. After stirring at room temperature for 18 hours, 8.3 grams of triethylarnine hydrochloride is removed by filtration. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo until no toluene and triethylamine is left. The oily residue is treated with fresh ethyleneimine (9.7 grams), triethylamine (22.75 grams), and toluene (150 milliliters) for two hours under reflux conditions. An additional amount of 13.5 grams of triethylamine hydrochloride forms and is removed by filtration. Upon concentration in vacuo the filtrate yields an oil which crystallizes to about 50% after several days. After removing the oily part by means of a porous plate,

times from carbon tetcrachloride.

i- 8.35 grams of crystalline material is obtained. Two crystallizations from n-pentane (35 milliliters) affords 5.5 grams of 2,4,6-tris(aziridinyl)-2,4,6-tris(dirnethylamino) phosphonitrile, M.P. 834 C.

Anal.-Calcd. for C H N lP z C, 36.65%; H, 7.65%; N, 32.1%; C1, 0. Found: C, 35.68%; H, 7.92%; N, 32.08%; Cl, 0.46%.

EXAMPLE 5 2,2,4-tris(aziridinyl)-4,6,6-Zris(dimethylamino) phospr'ronitrile A solution of 26 grams of ethyleneirnine and 61 grams of triethylarnine in 200 milliliters of ether are added dropwise over a period of 5.5 hours to 69.6 grams of trimeric phosphonitrilic chloride in 400 milliliters of ether. After standing overnight, 85 grams of triethylamine hydrochloride are collected and the ether solution is concentrated in vacuo yielding 70 grams of a glass-like residue which,

upon recrystallization from ethanol, form a semicrystal- After standing for one day in a refrigerator, the solution turns into a paste of silky needles of tris(aziridinyl)tri chlorophosphonitrile. The crystals are separated by filtration, dried on a porous plate and recrystallized several Yield: 12 grams of 172 C. (with polymerization).

Anal.Calcd. for C H Cl N C, 19.58%; H, 3.29%; N, 22.9%; C1, 29.0%. Found: C, 20.01%; H, 4.5%; N, 23.07%; Cl, 29.2%.

A solution of 7.8 grams of dirnethylarnine in 50 milliliters of ether is added to a solution consisting of 9.7 grams of 2,2,4-tris(aziridinyl)trichlorophosphonitrile, 600 milliliters of ether, and 500 milliliters of benzene. After standing for 24 hours at room temperature, 4.6 grams of dimethylamine hydrochloride are obtained. The solution is worked up as in Example 2. The total reaction prod uct, amounting to 8.3 grams, is recrystallized several times from n-heptane and n-hexane. Yield: 4.5 grams, M.P. 178.5- C.

EXAMPLE 6 4,6-bis(dimethylamin0)2,2,4,6-Ietrachl0rophosphonitrile An ice-cold solution of 77.4 grams of 25% aqueous dimethylamine (0.43 mole) is added all at once to a cooled solution of 34.8 grams (0.1 mole) of trimeric phosphonitrilic chloride in 300 milliliters of ether in an autoclave. The vessel is closed immediately and the contents are stirred for 20 minutes. The temperature rises as high at 38 C. From the reaction mixture the etheral solution is separated, dried over CaCl and distilled.

The remaining oil crystallizes upon standing at room EXAMPLE 7 1 4,6-bis(diethylamin0)-2,2,4,6-tetrachlorophosphonitrile By substituting diethylamine for dimethylamine in the procedure of Example 6, 4,6 -bis(diethylarnino)2,2,4,6- tetrachlorophosphonitrile, M.P. 134 C., is produced;

EXAMPLE 8 2,2,4,6-fetmkis (azl'ridt'nyl) -4,6-bis(dimethylamina) phosphonilrile To 18.05 grams of ethyleneirnine and 40.4 grams of triethylarnine in 200 milliliters of toluene is added a solution of 36.5 grams of 4,6-bis(dimethylarnino)-2,2,4,6- tetrachlorophosphonitrile in 109 milliliters of toluene, with stirring and cooling by means of tap water. After stirring overnight, 33 grams of triethylarnine hydrochloride are removed and the filtrate refluxed for three hours, thus precipitating an additional amount of 8.5 grams of (C H N:rHCl. Toluene is removed from the clear solution by distillation in vacuo. The remaining residue is dissolved in 199 milliliters of fresh toluene and treated with a solution consisting of 150 milliliters of toluene, 12 grams of ethyleneimine and 27 grams of triethylamine. After stirring for two days at room temperature and two hours at retlur. temperature, triethylamine hydrochloride (15 grams) is removed and toluene distilled off. The oily reaction product crystallizes partly upon standing at ambient temperature. The crystals are separated in a waxy state and subjected to a fractional crystallization from hexane, and, finally, from hcptane. The yield of pure 2,2,4,6 tetral is(aziridinyl) 4,6-bis(diethylamino) phosphc-nitrile, Ml. 1015-1625 C, amounts to 3.75 grams (10 percent).

Anal.Calcd. for C H N P C, 36.8%; 1-1, 7.16%; N, 32.30%;1, 23.8%. Found: C, 36.35%; l-l, 7.31%; N, 32.24%;1, 23.8%.

EXAMPLE 9 2,2,4,6-!etrakis(nziridinyl -4,6-bis (diethylmnino) phosphouitrz'le By substituting 4,6-bis(diethylarnino)2,2,4,6-tetrachlorophosphonitrile for the starting material in Example 8, the corresponding bistdiethylamino) product is formed.

EXAltllLE 10 2,2 ,4,4 -te!rakis(ttzz'rid iityl -6 ,6-bz's (dimethy lamina) phosphonitrile To 32.6 grams of 2,2-bis(aziridinyl)tetrachlorophosphonitrile in 250 milliliters of benzene is aded dropwise a solution of 7.8 grams of ethyleneirnine and 18.6 grams of triethylamine in 100 milliliters of benzene over a period of 90 minutes, with stirring. The solution is allower to remain for 18 hours at 20 C. before 24.1 grams of triethylamine hydrochloride is removed. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and the residue recrystallized from CCl and then twice from heptane. Yield: 11.7 grams of 2,2,4,4, tetrakis(aziridinyl)-6,6-dichlorocyclotriphosphaza 1,3,5 triene, [2,2,4,4-tetralris(aziridinyl)- 6,tS-dichlorophosphonitrile1, MP. 128129 C.

Anel.-Calcd. C, 25.6%; H, 4.31%;N, 26.2%. Found: C, 25.96%, 25.80%; H, 4.68%, 4.61%; N, 26.48%; 26.27%.

6.0 grams of dimethylamine in milliliters of ether are added to an ice-cooled solution of 11.84 grams of 2,2,4,4, tetraliis(aziridinyl)-6,6-dichlorophosphonitrile in 1 3126 milliliters of ether. After 15 hours, the ether solu tion is concentrated to a volume of 250 milliliters and 6.0 grams of diniethylarnine in 250 milliliters of benzene are added at 15 L. After 24 hours, a total of 5.3 grams of dimethylamine hydrochloride are separated by filtration. The filtrate renders upon concentration 12.4 grams of the crude phosphonitrile which, after being purified by recrystallization from n-hesane, shows a melting point or 131-132 C.

Anal-Called. for C12 L28N9P3: C, H, N, 32.3%. Found: C, 36.7%; H, 6.91%; N, 32.37%.

6 EXAMPLE 1i 2,2,4,6-tetrakis(aziridinyl)-4,6-bis(methylamino) phosphonitrile The substitution of methylamine in the procedure of Example 6 gives 4,6 bis(methylamino) 2,2,4,6-tetrachlorophosphonitrile, which by the procedure of Example 8, yields 224,6 tetrakis(aziridinyl) 4,6 bis(methylamino)phosphonitrile.

XAMPLE 12 2,2,4,4,6-p entakis(aziridinyl) -6-(dii1zeihylamin0) phosphonitrile A solution consisting of 64.4 grams of ethyleneimine, 151.2 grams of triethylamine, and 450 milliliters of ether is adced dropwise over a period of 4 hours to a stirred solution of 104 grams of PNCl in 1200 milliliters of ether. A tap water bath is applied to keep the reaction temperature between 20 and 25 C. Stirring is con tinned overnight to complete the reaction. The precipitate formed is removed by filtration (225.5 grams) and extracted by ether until all ether-soluble parts are removed. The ether extract is concentrated to dryness in vacuo yielding 35 grams of crude 2,2,4,4,6-pentakis(aziridinyl menochloro-cyclotriphosphaza-1,3,S-triene, MP. 1l7 C. After two recrystallizations from n-heptane the melting point is raised to 121.5l22.5 C.

ArzaZ.Calcd. for C H ClNgP C, 31.55%; H, 5.3%; N, 22.45%; Cl, 9.31%. Found: C, 31.7%;1-1, 5.7%; N, 29.15%; Cl, 9.69%.

To a solution of 5.6 grams of 2,2,4,4,6-pentakis(aziridinyl)-6-chlorophosphonitrile in 100 milliliters of henzene is added a solution consisting of 1.2 grams of dimet'nylarnine, 4.0 grams of triethylamine, and 25 milliliters of benzene within 18 minutes. Precipitation begins 15 minutes alter addition and continues slowly during the next 24 hours. (lnly 55 percent of the triethylamine hydrochloride expected separates, while the other 45 percent remains in solution. After six days of standing, the reaction mixture is worked-up by the procedure of EX- arnple 1D. The final purificationrecrystallization from nlieptanegives pure 2,2,4,4,6 -pentakis(aziridinyl)-6- (dirnethylamino)phosphonitrile, Ml. 1161l7.5 C.

Anal.-Calcd. for C ggNgPa: C, 37.1%; H, 6.74%; N, 32.4%. Found: C, 37.22%; H, 6.45%; N, 32.05%, 32.69%.

EXAMPLE l3 2,Z,4,6-tetrakis (aziridinyl -4,-6-bis(di-n-butylamino) phosphonitrile The substitution of di-n-butylan1ine for the dimethylamine in the procedure of Example 6 and then processing further as in Example 8 yields 2,2,4,6-tetrakis(aziridinyl)- 4,6-bis (di-n-butylarnino) phosphonitrile.

EXAMlLE 14 2 ,2 ,4,6tetrakis (aziriainyl -4,6-diamin0 phosphoni trile By following in general the procedure of Example 6, but stirring an ethereal solution of phosphonitrilic chloride with concentrated aqueous ammonia, 4,6-diarnino-2,2,4,6- tetracmorophosphonitrile is produced. The layers are then separated and the product is recovered from the other layer. Recrystallization from benzene gives the pure product, MP. C.

Further processing as in Example 8 gives 2,2,4,6-tetrakis (aziridinyl -4,6-diaminophosphonitrile.

A reversal of the steps, i.e. when ethyleneirnine is reacted first and the ammonia is reacted with the reaction product, the isomeric 4,4,6,6-tetrakis(aziridinyl)- 2,2-diaminophosphonitrile is obtained.

7 EXAMPLE 1s amino)-phosphonitrile are dissolved in 40 ml. of chloroform. This blended with 100 gm. of granular sucrose. The resulting slurry is stirred until the chloroform has evaporated. The dried bait thus formed having a concentration of 0.5 of active sterilant is then reground in a mortar and may be used as insect bait, e.g. for houseflies (Musca domestica).

EXAMPLE 17 0.5 gm. of 2,2,4,6-tetrakis(aziridinyl)-4,6-bis(dimethyl- 'amino)-phosphonitrile are dissolved in 100 ml. of water. Three drops of a 5% Tween 20 surfactant solution are added and stirred. This 0.5% solution is used as a spray applied to insects.

EXAMPLE 18 Pelztakis(1-aziridinyl) monoaminoph osphonitrile In a 500 ml. three-necked flask, equipped with condenser, stirrer and gas inlet tube, 200 ml. of anhydrous chloroform are saturated at room temperature With anhydrous ammonia. After addition of 21.5 g. ethyleneimine (0.5 mole) the gas inlet tube is replaced by a dropping funnel. A solution of 34.8 g. trimeric phos phonitrilic chloride (0.1 mole) in 150 ml. of chloroform 'is added dropwise with stirring to the ammonia/ethyleneimine solution with external ice-cooling over a period of 40 minutes. After this addition is completed, the mixture is stirred for one additional hour at room temperature and finally allowed to stand overnight. Almost the theoretical amount of ammonium chloride (26.7 g.) is separated by filtration. The chloroform is removed from the filtrate by distillation, the somewhat sticky residue is kept for 6 hours under a 1 mm. vacuum. The almost colorless material loses its remaining stickiness upon treatment with 100 ml. of ether, resulting in 25.5 g. of a dry powder. The crude material is recrystallized first from carbon tetrachloride and finally from a small amount of dimethylacetamide. Yield on pure material: 11 g. (31%), M.P. 132/133 C.

8 Aizal.Calcd. for CmH N P C, 33.30%; H, 6.10%; N, 34.95%; P, 24.75%. Found: (133.31%, 33.69%; H, 6.20%, 6.25%; N, 35.22%, 35.31%; P, 25.55%, 25.62%.

What is claimed is: V a v 1. A compound of the formula Ra N/ \N R3 Rs \N R4 wherein R R R R R and R each is a member of the group consisting of amino, lower alkylamino, diloWer alkylamino and ethyleneimine, at least one ethyleneimine group and one member of the group consisting of amino, lower alkylamino and di-lower alkylamino being present.

2. Aziridinyl-di(lower alkylamino)phosphonitrile.

3. Aziridinyl-pentakis dimethylamino phosphonitrile.

4. Bis(aziridinyl) tetrakis(dimethylamino)phosphonitrile.

5. Tris aziridinyl -tris (dirnethylamino) phosphonitrile.

6. Tetrakis(aziridinyl) bis(dimethylamino)phosphonitrile.

'7. Pentakis (aziridinyl (dimethylamino phosphonitrile.

References Cited by the Examiner No. 2, June 1959, page 61.

Becke-Geohring et al., Zeitschrir't Fur Anorganische 11nd Allegemeine Chemie, volume 302, pages 103-120 (1959).

Jackson et al., Brit. J. Pharmacol. (1959), volume 14, pages 149-157.

La Brecque, J. Econ. Entomology, 684-689 (1961).

NICHOLAS S. RIZZO, Primary Examiner. IRVING MARCUS, WALTER A. MODANCE,

Examiners.

volume 54, pages 

1. A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA 